Vice President of India: Complete Guide to Role, Powers & Duties

Introduction

The Vice President of India is the second-highest constitutional post in the country, right after the President. While the role may seem ceremonial, the Vice President plays a key part in the functioning of India’s democracy, especially in the Rajya Sabha (Council of States).

If you’re preparing for UPSC, SSC, Banking, or other competitive exams, understanding the Vice President’s powers, duties, and history is essential static GK.

🏛️ Constitutional Position

• Article Covered: Article 63 to 70 of the Indian Constitution
• Office Established: 1952
• Current Vice President (2025): Jagdeep Dhankhar
• First Vice President of India: Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan

✅ Eligibility Criteria

To become the Vice President of India, a candidate must:

• Be a citizen of India
• Have completed 35 years of age
• Be qualified to become a member of the Rajya Sabha
• Not hold any office of profit under the government

🗳️ Election Process

• Elected by: An electoral college consisting of members of both Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha
• Election Type: Proportional Representation by means of Single Transferable Vote
• Tenure: 5 years (but can be re-elected)

🛡️ Powers and Functions

1. Chairperson of Rajya Sabha
   • The Vice President acts as the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha (Upper House).
   • Maintains order and decorum, decides rules, and ensures smooth functioning.
2. Acting as President
   • In the absence of the President (due to resignation, death, impeachment, or other causes), the Vice President acts as the President of India until a new one is elected.
3. No Executive Powers
   • Unlike the President, the Vice President does not hold any executive or legislative power unless acting as the President.

🧾 List of Vice Presidents of India (1952–2025)

🧠 Static GK Facts – Vice President of India

• Longest Serving Vice President: Mohammad Hamid Ansari (10 years, 2007–2017)
• Only Vice President to Die in Office: Krishan Kant
• Vice Presidents Who Became Presidents: 6 (e.g., Dr. Radhakrishnan, Zakir Husain, etc.)

📚 Vice President vs President – Key Differences

📌 Conclusion

The Vice President of India is a crucial link between the executive and legislature, acting as the guardian of parliamentary procedures in the Rajya Sabha. Though the role is largely constitutional and ceremonial, it holds great value in maintaining India’s democratic fabric.